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Generator School · 04

Selecting a generator — what to account for

Most generator regrets come from one of two mistakes: buying too small (unit overloads and trips out), or buying the wrong type (petrol when diesel was needed, single-phase when three-phase was needed). The framework below avoids both — work through every question before asking for a quote.

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Question 1 — What's the running load?

List every appliance, motor, light, and pump that will run simultaneously. Add up the running watts (NOT the surge / peak watts) — that's your continuous load. For a typical 4-bedroom home with fridge + lighting + TV + fans + internet + medical equipment, you're looking at 4–6 kW continuous.
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Question 2 — What surge currents are present?

Motors (air-con, well pumps, fridges, deep freezes) draw 4–7× their running watts for the first 200 ms when starting. Air-conditioners are usually the killer load. Either add up the biggest motor's surge wattage, or use the LRA (Locked-Rotor Amps) from the appliance nameplate × voltage to get surge kVA. The generator's kVA rating must exceed this.
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Question 3 — Diesel or petrol?

If it's backup or prime-power (>500 hrs/year), diesel. If it's camp/portable < 4 kVA, petrol inverter. (See Article 03.)
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Question 4 — Single-phase or three-phase?

Check your existing main switchboard. If it has only red, white, blue, and neutral cables coming in (three live wires), you have three-phase power and need a three-phase generator. If only one live + neutral, you're single-phase. Most homes are single-phase; most workshops and commercial buildings are three-phase.
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Question 5 — Where will it live?

Outdoor canopied (most common), indoor plant room, on a trailer? Each has different noise and ventilation requirements. A bare open-frame unit at 7 m can hit 95 dB(A); a sound-attenuated canopy unit at 7 m runs at 65 dB(A) — a 30 dB difference, perceived as about 8× quieter.
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Question 6 — Future-proofing

Generators last 15–25 years. Will you be adding solar, a heat pump, or an EV charger in that time? Add 20–25% headroom over today's load to absorb future expansion without needing to replace the genset.
Quick answers

FAQs

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Yes, with an Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) wired into your main board. The generator picks up the entire house on mains failure and drops it on mains return.

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